The effects of different restorative materials on periodontopathogens in combined restorative-periodontal treatment

Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between subgingival restorations and the target periodontopathogenic bacteria (Pg, Td and Pi) in subgingival biofilm during one year after combined restorative-periodontal treatment. Material and Methods Seventeen systemically healthy subjects, who were positive for the presence of three cervical lesions associated with gingival recessions in three different adjacent teeth, were included in the study. A total of 51 combined defects were treated with connective tissue graft plus a nanofilled composite resin (NCR+CTG), a resin-modified glass ionemer cement (RMGI+CTG) and a fluoride-releasing resin material with pre-reacted glass (PRG), called giomer (Giomer+CTG). Periodontal clinical measurements and subgingival plaque samples were obtained from all combined defects at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after the surgery. The number of bacteria were evaluated by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. Results No statistically significant difference in the amount of DNA copies of Pg, Td and Pi was observed in any of the groups at any time points (p>0.05). In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of DNA copies of the bacteria at baseline and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively, regardless of treatment group (p>0.05). Conclusion This study suggests that subgingivally placed NCR, RMGI and giomer restorations can show similar effects on periodontopathogenic bacteria in the treatment of gingival recessions that are associated with noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs).

Biofilms of black tooth stains: PCR analysis reveals presence of Streptococcus mutans

This study investigated the presence of the black-pigmented bacteria Prevotella nigrescens and Prevotella intermedia, the non-black-pigmented bacteria Actinomyces spp and particularly the cariogenic pathogen Streptococcus mutans in the dental biofilms of patients with or without black extrinsic tooth stains, using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Analysis of the dental biofilms of patients with (n=26) or without (n=26) black tooth stains was performed using duplex PCR for the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (P. nigrescens, P. intermedia, Actinomyces spp) and glucosyltransferase-I gene for S. mutans. P. nigrescens and S. mutans were the most frequent bacteria detected in both groups. The least frequently detected were P. intermedia and Actinomyces spp. The similar bacterial composition of dental biofilms of black tooth stains and healthy tooth surfaces indicates that black tooth stains are not free of cariogenic bacteria.

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a presença das bactérias pigmentadoras de negro Prevotella nigrescens e Prevotella intermedia, da não pigmentadora de negro Actinomyces spp e particularmente a bactéria cariogênica Streptococcus mutans, no biofilme dentário de pacientes com ou sem manchas dentárias extrínsecas negras, utilizando a técnica multiplex PCR (reação em cadeia da polimerase). Análises do biofilme dentário de pacientes com manchas (n=26) e sem manchas (n=26) foram realizadas utilizando a multiplex PCR para o gene 16S RNA ribosomal (P. nigrescens, P. intermedia, Actinomyces spp) e o gene glucosiltransferase-I para S. mutans. P. nigrescens e S. mutans foram as bactérias mais frequentemente detectadas em ambos os grupos. As menos frequentemente detectadas foram P. intermedia e Actinomyces spp. A similaridade entre a composição bacteriana dos biofilmes dentários das manchas dentárias extrínsecas negras e das superfícies dentárias sem manchas indicam que as manchas dentárias extrínsecas negras não estão livres de bactérias cariogênicas.

Analysis of the presence of pathogens which predict the risk of disease at peri-implant sites through polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

A presença dos ADN de Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis e Prevotella intermedia em amostras coletadas de sulco periimplantar de 19 pacientes parcialmente desdentados foi analisada pela reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Dentre esses 19 pacientes, dez apresentavam histórico de doença periodontal e nove não apresentavam antecedentes. Os resultados obtidos nesta análise foram relacionados com a profundidade do sulco periimplantar, o sangramento à sondagem e o provável risco de doença. Constatou-se que houve a amplificação do ADN das bactérias-alvo em sete amostras, sendo quatro de pacientes sem histórico de periodontopatia. Este resultado sugere que mesmo na ausência de sinais inflamatórios significantes, essa detecção qualitativa pode indicar risco de periimplantite, requerendo manutenção pós-operatória mais rigorosa.

DNA probe analysis in smoker and non smoker rapidly progressive periodontitis patients--a pilot study.

Smoking is one of the most significant risk factors in the development and further advancement of inflammatory periodontal disease. The bacteria A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and P. intermedius as indicated as the potential pathogens associated with periodontal disease. Since the bacteria mentioned as well as smoking are factors associated with periodontitis it is of importance to elucidate the interrelationship between these factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and P. intermedius in subgingival plaque samples obtained form healthy and diseased sites of patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis who were smokers and non smokers along with other clinical parameters.